# Manual Passings

In **RUFUS Race Manager (RRM)**, manual passings allow operators to add a participant’s passing when it was not automatically recorded by the system. Manual passings can be created in two different ways, depending on the context of the correction or adjustment.

In addition to manual passings, RRM also supports **Floating Passings**, which are manual passings without a checkpoint. These are covered in detail in the [Floating Passings article](/rufus-race-manager/collecting-and-managing-timing-data/floating-passings.md).

### Adding Passings via Checkpoint-Race View

When a manual passing is added in the **Checkpoint-Race View**, it is processed through the full **timing data collection logic**.

This means the system applies all normal checks before accepting the passing, including:

* Race association (does the participant belong to this race?)
* Checkpoint matching (is the passing in the correct place of the plan?)
* Bounce time compliance (too soon after the last read at this checkpoint/device?)
* Status evaluation (VALID, BLOCKED, PROMOTED, etc.)

This method ensures the manual passing behaves exactly like an automatic passing, maintaining full consistency with the race’s timing rules.

### Adding Passings via Participant Edit

A manual passing can also be added directly when **editing a participant**.

In this case, the passing is inserted straight into the participant’s data and is automatically validated for the specified checkpoint. Unlike the Checkpoint-Race View, this method does not pass through the broader timing collection process.

This is especially useful for:

* Adding a missing passing confirmed by officials
* Correcting a single participant’s data without affecting the main event workflow
* Handling post-race adjustments

### Comparison of Methods

| Method                   | Scope                                       | Processing Logic                                                | Typical Use Case                                                                              |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Checkpoint-Race View** | Tied to a specific checkpoint               | Full timing logic (race plan, bounce, status precedence)        | Adding a missing passing during the live event, ensuring it behaves like an automatic passing |
| **Participant Edit**     | Tied directly to a participant + checkpoint | Direct assignment and validation (skips full timing logic)      | Post-race correction or targeted fix for one participant                                      |
| **Floating Passing**     | No checkpoint (full race plan scope)        | System infers the next expected checkpoint using full race plan | Quick “catch-all” entry when the operator wants the system to decide placement                |

### Related Articles

* [**Participant Passings**](/rufus-race-manager/participant-management/participant-passings.md)
* [**Checkpoint-Race View**](/rufus-race-manager/checkpoints/checkpoint-race-view.md)
* [Floating Passings](/rufus-race-manager/collecting-and-managing-timing-data/floating-passings.md)


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